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One setting on the proxy decides this for the whole network.
One backend uploads the pack to an external host and every server hands players that link instead. Nothing of yours faces the internet, so there is no port to open and no address to get right.
This is what a fresh install does. Hermes is Nexo’s own host and needs no account and no keys, so it works as soon as you install NexoHub. To use a different host, configure it the normal Nexo way under Pack.server in the settings.yml you already distribute.

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Choosing a host

Only one server uploads. The others see it has already been done and use the same link, so players get one pack and one download however many servers you run.

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If you use multipack

Nexo builds the link for each template pack out of the main pack’s link. That works for hosts whose links contain the pack’s ID, which covers hosting from your proxy, S3 and Hermes. Polymath and Lobfile return a link that does not, so Nexo cannot build the template links from it. Template packs still work for players those hosts can identify, but not on the pre-join screen. The default HERMES is not one of them, so this only comes up if you switch. NexoHub checks the real links after every upload and tells you if any of them fail:
It also shows against that server in /nexohub status:
/nexohub doctor names the case in advance, before anyone has to notice it in game:
This is a Nexo limitation rather than a NexoHub one, so switching hosts is the only fix.

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Checking players can actually reach it

This section is about host: proxy. On the default delegated hosting there is no address of yours to check, which is most of why it is the default. The address you hand players is the one setting whose being wrong is invisible from inside your own network. /nexohub doctor fetches it from outside and says:
It is hitting /hub/v1/health, a route that needs no secret and returns the string nexohub. You can open it in a browser yourself. When hosting is delegated, public_address is not used at all and doctor says so instead of testing it.

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Keeping your proxy address private without an external host

Put a reverse proxy or CDN like Cloudflare in front of NexoHub and point public_address at that instead. It gets you TLS at the same time, which is worth having: see what faces the internet.
Cloudflare only proxies certain ports: 8080, 8443, 2052, 2053, 2082, 2083, 2086, 2087, 2095, 2096 and 8880. The default 8085 is not one of them, so change http.port if you go this route.